Chapter 1 ： Rails Environments and Configuration

这一章 主要讲基本的配置一些东西，我随便的做了些笔记，加上了一些补充说明。希望对php?name=%D0%C2%CA%D6" onclick="tagshow(event)" class="t_tag">新手有帮助。或者你可以当作Tips来看：）Enjoy.

一：Enviroment Mode
Rails 有三种models:test,development,production,默认为development,你可以通过RAILS_EVN指定特定的环境
譬如
启动webrick

[Copy to clipboard] [ - ]

CODE:

ruby script/server webrick -p 80 -e production

启动mongrel

[Copy to clipboard] [ - ]

CODE:

mongrel_rails start -p 80 -e production 

执行rake

[Copy to clipboard] [ - ]

CODE:

rake db:migrate RAILS_EVN=production

二：Rails Gem Version
/config/environment.rb

[Copy to clipboard] [ - ]

CODE:

RAILS_GEM_VERSION = '2.0.2' unless defined? RAILS_GEM_VERSION

升级rails

[Copy to clipboard] [ - ]

CODE:

raile rails:update

会更新config,javascript,script,如果你只想升级单个请执行

[Copy to clipboard] [ - ]

CODE:

rake rails:update:configs
rake rails:update:javascripts
rake rails:update:scripts

三：Initializer
Rails 2 新增了initializers目录，在启动的时候会加载该目录的文件。这样就不需要把一大陀的东西全塞在environment里了。

四：Default Load Paths
/vendor/rails/railties/lib/initializer.rb

[Copy to clipboard] [ - ]

CODE:

      def default_load_paths
        paths = ["#{root_path}/test/mocks/#{environment}"]

        # Add the app's controller directory
        paths.concat(Dir["#{root_path}/app/controllers/"])

        # Then components subdirectories.
        paths.concat(Dir["#{root_path}/components/[_a-z]*"])

        # Followed by the standard includes.
        paths.concat %w(
          app
          app/models
          app/controllers
          app/helpers
          app/services
          components
          config
          lib
          vendor
        ).map { |dir| "#{root_path}/#{dir}" }.select { |dir| File.directory?(dir) }

        paths.concat builtin_directories
      end

这个是rails默认加载的path,如果你想加载自己的代码到path中，可以配置在environment.rb中
/config/environment.rb

[Copy to clipboard] [ - ]

CODE:

Rails::Initializer.run do |config|
#....
  config.load_paths += %W(
    vendor/BlueCloth-1.0.0/lib
    vendor/RedCloth-3.0.4/lib
    vendor/rubypants-0.2.0/lib
    vendor/rubyzip-0.5.12/lib
    vendor/uuidtools/lib
  )
#.....
end

这样的话，你就可以把gems直接放到vendor目录下了，不需要用户去安装了。


五：Builtin Rails Info
在本机上你可以通过http://localhost:port/rails/info/properties查看，在代码中你可以通过

[Copy to clipboard] [ - ]

CODE:

@properties = Rails::Info.properties

获取。

举个例子：
简单的显示如下：

[Copy to clipboard] [ - ]

CODE:

<ul>
<%@properties.each_with_index do |p,index|%>
  <li><%=p[0]%> : <%=p[1]%></li>
<%end%>
</ul>

六：Configuration
上面已经提过一些，这里我们再说一些
rails 默认加载如下的framework

[Copy to clipboard] [ - ]

CODE:

      def default_frameworks
        [ :active_record, :action_controller, :action_view, :action_mailer, :active_resource ]
      end

你可以忽略你不需要加载的

[Copy to clipboard] [ - ]

CODE:

config.frameworks -= [:action_mailer ]

七：Log-Level Override
production模式下默认使用info,其他使用debug,你可以修改如下配置

[Copy to clipboard] [ - ]

CODE:

config.log_level = :debug

八：ActiveRecord Session Store
rails 2 默认是保存在客户端的，如果你想的话，可以采用其他的方式，譬如数据库存储

[Copy to clipboard] [ - ]

CODE:

config.action_controller.session_store = :active_record_store

Note:
如果你还没有表，请使用

[Copy to clipboard] [ - ]

CODE:

rake db:sessions:create
rake db:migrate

生成表结构


九：Observers

[Copy to clipboard] [ - ]

CODE:

config.active_record.observers = :cacher, :garbage_collector

在enviroment.rb中，observers 一般配置为cache 的sweeper,或者gc等


十：Automatic Class Reloading
production 默认是cache_classes的，如果你想auto reload,请修改/config/environments/production.rb

[Copy to clipboard] [ - ]

CODE:

config.cache_classes = false

development 默认为false,即当代码有变化时自动重新加载

十一：查看已加载的path

[Copy to clipboard] [ - ]

CODE:

ruby script/console
Loading development environment (Rails 2.0.2)
>> $:
#....results...........

十二：Logging
rails 中默认有个全局变量RAILS_DEFAULT_LOGGER，你可以通过defined?查看是否定义

[Copy to clipboard] [ - ]

CODE:

unless defined?(RAILS_DEFAULT_LOGGER) do
   #create new logger ...
end

十三：Rails Log Files
清除log日志

[Copy to clipboard] [ - ]

CODE:

rake log:clear

PS：同样也有tmp:clear等，用来清除tmp


十四：Log File Analysis
http://rails-analyzer.rubyforge.org/pl_analyze/
+
http://nubyonrails.com/articles/ ... -for-the-rest-of-us

[ 本帖最后由 martin 于 2008-1-15 15:44 编辑 ]

谢谢martin。

martin这么快拿到《the rails way》啦？亚马逊买的？

我们网站有下载了。Bayer放上来的，新年小礼物！